Method for anchoring a concrete type of covering to a metal wall section with multiple anchor strip means



y 2, 1967 w c HENSEL 3316,685

. I METHOD FOR ANCHORING A CONCRETE TYPE OF COVERING TO A METAL'. WALLSECTION WITH MULTIPLE ANCHOR STRIP MEANS Filed July 25, 1962 Heater orVessel Wall We/a 6 L in/ng -Anch0rs A A Material l/VVE/VTOR Walter G.Hansel A TTOR/VEYS United States Patent Office I METHOD FOR ANCHORING ACONCRETE TYPE This application is a continuation-in-part of my presentlypending application Ser. No. 39,580 filed June 29, 1960, now abandoned.

This invention relates to an improved means for effecting theapplication of insulation for fire-proofing covering to a wall sectionthrough the use of break-away anchor clip means. More specifically, theinvention relates to improved rapid means for effecting the anchoring ofa concrete type of covering to a metal wall section by providing aplurality of anchor sections in a long strip, with a thin portion ornotch between each anchor section such that each section may be readilybroken away from the strip, and in turn greatly increase the speed ofwelding resulting individual anchor sections to the wall.

In the placement of a heat-resisting concrete, insulating concrete,castable refractory materials, and the like, to the interior or exteriorsurfaces of a high temperature vessel or heating chamber, to serve as aheat-protecting covering or insulating lining, it is necessary thatsuitable anchors be first installed on the wall surfaces whereby theinsulating material may be attached. Various types of anchorages havebeen utilized in connection with heatresisting concretes and insulatingmaterials, as for example, stud bolts or spacers which in turn support awire fabric, or cotter pins and split pins, the bent legs of which mayserve to hold or bond with the protective material. However, such typesof anchoring means have had disadvantages in their use in effecting theproper anchoring of the insulating material, or there has been adisadvantage by reason of a high installation cost. In a large heatingchamber, or in a large regenerator such as is used in connection withhigh temperature catalyst regeneration in the petroleum industry, it maybe necessary to utilize as high as fifteen thousand to twenty thousand,or more, individual anchors to properly hold the insulating orprotective material to the wall surfaces.

Individual slit pins, or studs, are hard to handle by a,

welder since it is necessary that he pick up each individual piece andhold it with protective gloves or with a pair of pliers or tongs, oralternatively, with a special welding gun while tack welding it to thewall surface. Where a workman is wearing gloves it is obvious that theindividual handling of a large number of anchoring members is awkwardand a slow time-consuming operation resulting in high field erectioncosts for any particular chamber.

It is an object of the present invention to provide for the rapidwelding of a readily detachable form of anchor clip or section to a wallpanel, with the anchor clip means being supplied in strips, which may beheld by the workman without the use of pliers or tongs or specialequipment.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a rapid andeconomical method of effecting insulation application by using aplurality of anchoring means in a notched strip form which in turnpermits the installer to hold a plurality of anchors at one time andeliminate the reaching for and the holding of individual anchoringmembers as 3,316,685 Patented May 2, i967 such installer effects thesuccessive welding of individual members in a predetermined spacedpattern over a wall section.

Briefly, the present invention provides a method for forming an anchoredconcrete type of covering or lining to a metal wall section whichcomprises, welding a multiplicity of individual anchor sections to suchmetal wall in a spaced pattern over the entire surface thereof which isto be covered, with such welded attachment being effected bysuccessively welding end anchor sections from a strip containing aplurality of such anchors, separable at notched points, on to said wallsection in said pattern and subsequent to welding each individual endanchor effecting the lifting and breaking away of the remaining strip atthe notch next to said welded end section whereby to permit the weldingof a next resulting end section of such strip to the metal wall insuccessive welding operations, and then effecting the placement of aprotective covering material over the spaced anchor sections and saidwall section to provide said anchored covering therefor.

In a preferred installation of the invention, strips of anchor clips orsections provide that each anchor section thereof is of a V-shape orU-form and has a substantially small flat surface at a point that willbe utilized for welding attachment to the wall surface. It is notintended, however, to limit the formation of the anchoring strips to anyone type or shape of material. The term V- shaped as referred tohereinafter is used generically, and shall include V-shaped sections, orZ-shaped and L-shaped sections, as well as curved U-shaped forms.Normally, the strip is formed of heavy gage, say from .12" to .25",round wire or of small diameter rods, however, small sized rectangularor oval-shaped wire or rods may be utilized for the formation of theanchor sections. Also, a preferred construction deforms the wire stockto provide a multiple anchor strip having all of the anchoring sectionsformed or arranged in one plane and the thinned or notched portionspositioned between anchor sections such that the notches face theV-portions of the strip. By having all of the V- or U-shaped deformedportions of the strip in one plane, the resulting strips may be readilystacked and packaged for shipment and storage. More importantly, theplacing of the notches on the side of the strip facing the plurality ofV- or U-shaped sections permits the breaking of an individual section byan installers movement which is in the same plane in which the U-shapeddeformed anchor sections lie. The rapid, simple, break-away movement bythe installer after each weld provides for the present improved methodof covering wall sections.

The construction and arrangement of the multiple anchor strip and theimproved method of effecting the covering of metal walls under thisinvention may be better explained and understood by reference to theaccompanying drawing and the following description thereof.

FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic view of one embodiment of a multiple anchorstrip.

FIGURE 2 shows, in a perspective type of view, the attachment of anchorsections from a multiple anchor strip and a staggered pattern of anchorarrangement in rows.

FIGURE 3 of the drawing shows, in cross-section, one arrangement for theinstallation of individual anchor sections against the wall surface of aheater or vessel and the placement of a lining material.

FIGURE 4 shows a modified serpentine form of multiple section striphaving symmetry with respect to the formation of the plurality of anchorsections therein.

Referring now to FIGURE 1 of the drawing, there is shown a plurality ofV-like sections 1 formed within a strip of deformed wire or rod. Betweeneach of the sections 1 is a portion having a reduced cross-sectionalarea by reason of a notch or cut 2 which in turn provides means wherebyeach section may be broken away from the strip. Also shown at the end ofthe strip is a short straight section 3 which serves as a holding piecefor the workman when effecting the attachment of the last of theanchoring sections 1 near the end of the strip. It is not intended tolimit the anchoring strip to any one type of notch or cut 2 infabricating the multiple anchor strips, since the depth of the notch 2may be varied. The metal remaining uncut above the notch varies inaccordance with the diameter of the wire stock being utilized andperhaps in accordance with the brittleness, or ductility, of the stockbeing fabricated. In other words, the notches may be varied to provide adesired predetermined easy breaking effort while precluding breakage ofthe strips during their shipping and handling. If too deep a notch isutilized, the strips may be broken too easily while being handled inshipment and prior to the workman utilizing them in installation, whileon the other hand, if a shallow notch is utilized with a highly ductilemetal, then it may be necessary to have undue eifort used in effectingthe breaking away of each anchor section from the strip.

As previously noted hereinabove, the strip has all of the sections 1deformed in a manner such that they are arranged in the same plane,having been deformed from the wire stock in a unidirectional manner.Also, a preferred arrangement has the various notches 2 placed on theundersides of the straight portions between sections 1 with respect tothe embodiment illustrated in FIGURE 1 such that each notch faces in thedirection of the deformed anchor sections 1. This permits the breakingoff of the individual sections 1 by an upward movement within the planein which the individual sections lie. The upward breaking motion is, ofcourse, made by the workman after he has welded the end anchor sectionof the strip. Also, preferably, after welding an end anchor section, hethen grips the strip adjacent the welded section so that he breaks onlythat one anchor away from the strip. Each of the sections 1, of theembodiment of FIGURE 1, may be provided with a small substantially fiatportion 4 at the lower extremity of each section 1, such portion beingutilized for contact with and attachment to a panel or wall surface. TheV-shape design is a desirable form in that it provides a small or shortlength for contact with the wall surface and holds the amount of weld toa minimum. With wide contact lengths the welder may tend to lay down anexcessive amount of weld metal and spend more time than necessary witheach anchor section.

As is best shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 of the drawing, it will be notedthat in the first step of the forming of an anchored concrete-likecovering to a wall section that various anchor sections 1 are welded attheir lower portions 4 to the face of a wall or panel section 5. Aspreviously stated, this procedure includes effecting the lifting andbreaking away of the portion of the strip remaining after each precedinganchor section has been welded to the wall or panel section. In order toprovide a uniform anchoring means for holding the insulation or coveringmaterial, the sections 1 are placed in a plurality of spaced rows AA andBB, and, in addition, the alternate anchors in each of the respectiverows are turned at right angles to one another such that there is inturn obtained a maximum bond between the plurality of anchors and theheat resisting concrete, or other insulating material, which is appliedover the anchoring means 1. When all of the anchors are positioned inone direction, there is a tendency for cracks to occur in the concretecovering. For rapid attachment, all clips turned in one direction in thevarious adjacent rows are welded in place, then subsequently all of theanchor clips in the or right-angle direction are welded in place in thegiven area in between the others. This procedure precludes the installerfrom alternating directions with each successive clip. The diagrammaticembodiment illustrated in FIGURE 3 indicates that a plastic type ofconcrete or insulating material 6 has been applied over the anchors 1and against the wall surface 5. The lining material 6 may comprise aninsulating concrete, such as haydite-luminite concrete orcalcium-aluminate cement with a temperature resistant aggregate ofcrushed firebrick, vermiculite, perlite, and the like. Such material maybe troweled, sprayed or otherwise placed over the anchors and againstthe surface of the wall section. It may also be noted in connectiontherewith that the anchors extend away from the wall surfaceapproximately half the depth of the insulating material applied overthem, thus, it is obvious that the anchor sections 1 may be formed inany particular batch of multiple anchor strips such that they will havea depth correlating to the thickness of insulating material which is tobe ultimately applied over the particular anchors. Stated another way,it is preferred that the outer projecting ends of the anchor clips beburied substantially below the interior surface of the liner materialsuch that they will not be subjected to the high internal temperaturesof the inside of the particular chamber. In a specific embodiment, theanchor sections 1 may be made of N0. 8 gage (0.168:) steel wire and havea vertical height of about 1 /2 inches to accommodate an insulation orcovering having a thickness t of about 3 inches. Also, in suchembodiment, the angle within the V portion of the section 1 is made tobe about 60 and the lateral projection from each side of the V is aboutinch or equivalent to about A).. A strip having such sized V-shapedsections may contain about 10 anchor sections and thus be of the orderof 33 to 34 inches long.

The shape of the anchor strips in FIGURE 1 are illustrated to be of asubstantially V-shape, however, again, it is to be pointed out that thepresent multiple anchor strips should not be limited to any one type ofdeformation or shape for the individual anchor sections 1. It is, ofcourse, a requisite for the present invention that notched strips ofanchors are utilized to speed up attachment and that each anchor sectionhas outwardly projecting portions after installation capable of forminga desirable bond with the insulation material being applied around them.A modified form of anchor section and multiple anchor strip is indicatedin FIGURE 4 of the drawing. In this latter embodiment, symmetricallyshaped deformations are formed in the wire stock providing a serpentineshaped strip with individual anchor sections 7 which have a U- shapedform. In this embodiment, the notches 8, or the resulting reducedcross-sectional area portions between the anchors, are provided alongone edge, or one side, of the continuous strip, and as a result, aplurality of indivdiual U-shaped anchor sections 7 are formed in thestrip. As hereinbefore set forth in connection with the notches 2 inFIGURE 1 of the drawing, the type and size may vary, and similarly fornotches 8 in FIGURE 4, their size or depth may vary in accordance withthe gage of the wire stock utilized for forming the anchors, as well aswith the ductility of the stock. Further, inasmuch as the presentinvention is directed to an improved method of rapidly and securelyattaching a covering material to a wall section, it is not intended tolimit the invention to any one way of forming the thinned sections, ornotches, for they may be formed by a partial cutting operation or by asuitable die forming or pressuring operation which in turn will effectthe thinning of the metal such that each section may be readily brokenfrom the strip.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a method of forming an anchored concrete covering on a metal wallsection which comprises, attaching a multiplicity of individual anchorsections shaped as a V or U in a spaced pattern to the surface of themetal wall to be covered, effecting such attachment by successivelywelding to the wall in said pattern the apex of end anchor sections froma strip of attached anchors separable from each other at notched pointsspaced between each of such sections and, subsequent to welding eachindividual end anchor, lifting and breaking away the remaining stripfrom the welded individual end anchor at the notch next to said weldedend anchor whereby to permit the welding of a next resulting end sectionof said strip to the metal wall section in successive weldingoperations, and subsequently applying a protective covering materialover the spaced anchor sections and said wall section to provide saidanchored covering therefor.

2. The method of claim 1 further characterized by positioning saidspaced pattern of anchor sections in a plurality of spaced two-way rowsin which adjacent anchor sections in such rows are at right angles toone another.

3. The method of claim 1 further characterized by spraying saidconcrete-like covering material over the spaced anchor sections to adepth substantially covering the outward portion thereof.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1916 Howes59-99 X 11/1921 Sibley 85-17 l/1923 Brogan 85-17 5/1931 Adams 29-41312/1932 Huff 52-269 X 7/1939 Tear 29-413 10/ 1941 Hothersall 29-413 5/1942 Christensen 52-347 10/ 1943 Schmidt 52-269 X 10/1950 Molique 52-269X 2/ 1963 Hensel 52-269 FOREIGN PATENTS 6/1955 France.

FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner. JACOB L. NACKENOFF, Examiner. J. L.RIDGILL, Assistant Examiner.

1. IN A METHOD OF FORMING AN ANCHORED CONCRETE COVERING ON A METAL WALL SECTION WHICH COMPRISES, ATTACHING A MULTIPLICITY OF INDIVIDUAL ANCHOR SECTIONS SHAPED AS A V OR U IN A SPACED PATTERN TO THE SURFACE OF THE METAL WALL TO BE COVERED, EFFECTING SUCH ATTACHMENT BY SUCCESSIVELY WELDING TO THE WALL IN SAID PATTERN THE APEX OF END ANCHOR SECTIONS FROM A STRIP OF ATTACHED ANCHORS SEPARABLE FROM EACH OTHER AT NOTCHED POINTS SPACED BETWEEN EACH OF SUCH SECTIONS AND, SUBSEQUENT TO WELDING EACH INDIVIDUAL END ANCHOR, LIFTING AND BREAKING AWAY THE REMAINING STRIP FROM THE WELDED INDIVIDUAL END ANCHOR AT THE NOTCH NEST TO SAID WELDED END ANCHOR WHEREBY TO PERMIT THE WELDING OF A NEXT RESULTING END SECTION OF SAID STRIP TO THE METAL WALL SECTION IN SUCCESSIVE WELDING OPERATIONS, AND SUBSEQUENTLY APPLYING A PROTECTIVE COVERING MATERIAL OVER THE SPACED ANCHOR SECTIONS AND SAID WALL SECTION TO PROVIDE SAID ANCHORED COVERING THEREFOR. 